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Modelo de liderazgo transformacional en gerencia de proyectos: efectos en el desempeño de los equipos de investigación en instituciones de educación superior Transformational leadership model in project management: effects on the performance of research teams in higher education institutions Pérez Fernández, Blanca Johanna Vivas Martín, José Gustavo Díez Silva, Henry Mauricio EMPRENDIMIENTO Y GERENCIA::DIRECCIÓN Y GESTIÓN DE PROYECTOS NELSON ANTONIO MORENO MONSALVE Categoría A COL0158995 Administración de proyectos Liderazgo Educación superior Cultura organizacional Investigación científica Proyectos de investigación Dirección de proyectos Liderazgo transformacional Gestión de proyectos Desempeño del equipo Confianza del equipo Conflicto Clima organizacional Identidad Desempeño del proyecto Transformational leadership Project management Team performance Team trust Conflict Organizational climate Identity Project performance El liderazgo es un fenómeno multidimensional que influye de manera significativa en diversos contextos de la gerencia de proyectos, y donde se presenten dinámicas de equipo con interacción de líder y liderados, y uno de ellos, es específicamente en las instituciones de educación superior y en los procesos de gestión de proyectos e investigación. Esta investigación doctoral tuvo como propósito Desarrollar un modelo de liderazgo transformacional en gerencia de proyectos que permita incrementar los efectos en el desempeño de los equipos de investigación en IES. Se empleó un enfoque mixto de corte transversal, descriptivo, correlacional bajo un diseño convergente. Para los datos cuantitativos se diseñó y aplicó el cuestionario Liderazgo Transformacional en Gerencia de Proyectos: Aplicación en Procesos de Investigación en IES de Colombia, logrando una participación de 278 investigadores (Representando a 60 IES). En cuanto a los datos cualitativos, se emplearon dos grupos focales contando con la intervención de doce Coordinadores o Vicerrectores de Investigación de las IES participantes. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron mediante la Teoría Fundamentada, y se realizó el proceso de codificación abierta, axial y selectiva. De acuerdo con los datos, se observa convergencia en los resultados tanto del análisis cualitativo como cuantitativo de las variables influencia idealizada, motivación inspiracional, estimulación intelectual, consideración individualizada, desempeño, desempeño del proyecto, e identidad. Los datos cuantitativos y algunos hallazgos cualitativos confirman el efecto positivo del liderazgo transformacional en el desempeño del equipo desde la academia. Se confirma que el desempeño y la confianza desempeñan un papel importante en las IES. Teniendo en cuenta los resultados se afirma que deben fortalecerse en mayor medida el desempeño del proyecto, la identidad y el clima organizacional en las áreas de investigación de las IES para mejorar el desempeño de los equipos en la gestión de proyectos de investigación. Los hallazgos obtenidos permitieron no solo validar empíricamente las relaciones entre liderazgo transformacional y desempeño de equipos de investigación, sino también aportar al cuerpo teórico y metodológico de la disciplina desde un enfoque integrador. Leadership is a multidimensional phenomenon that significantly influences a variety of project management contexts, particularly those involving team dynamics with interaction between leaders and their followers. It is especially relevant in higher education institutions and in project management and research processes. The purpose of this doctoral research was to develop a model of transformational leadership in project management that would increase the performance of research groups in higher education institutions. A mixed cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational approach was used under a convergent design. For quantitative data, the questionnaire Transformational Leadership in Project Management: Application in Research Processes in Higher Education Institutions in Colombia was designed and applied, achieving a participation of 278 researchers (representing 60 higher education institutions). In terms of qualitative data, two focus groups were used, involving twelve research coordinators or research vice rectors from the participating HEIs. The data obtained was analyzed using the Grounded Theory, and open, axial, and selective coding was carried out. According to the data, convergence is observed in the results of both the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the variables: idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, individualized consideration, performance, project performance, and identity. The quantitative data and some qualitative findings confirm the positive effect of transformational leadership on team performance in academia. It is confirmed that performance and trust play an important role in HEIs. Considering the results, project performance, identity, and organizational climate in the research areas of HEIs must be further strengthened to improve team performance in research project management. The findings obtained not only allowed us to empirically validate the relationships between transformational leadership and research team performance, but also to contribute to the theoretical and methodological body of the discipline from an integrative approach. Tabla de contenido Pág. Lista de Figuras XVI Lista de Tablas 18 Lista de Anexos 21 Introducción 22 Propósito y Organización 26 Planteamiento del Problema 26 Problemática en el contexto internacional 26 Problemática en Colombia 39 Pregunta de investigación 50 Objetivos de la investigación 50 Objetivo general 50 Objetivos específicos 51 Justificación 51 Organización del estudio 53 Marco Teórico 54 Introducción 54 Liderazgo y modelos 54 Liderazgo transformacional 68 Efectos del liderazgo transformacional mediante las cuatro dimensiones 97 Mediadores/Moderadores del liderazgo transformacional 102 Mediadores del liderazgo transformacional 103 Moderadores del liderazgo transformacional 110 Gerencia de proyectos 118 Modelos de ciclo de vida en la gestión de proyectos y su relación con el liderazgo transformacional 133 Proyectos de investigación 136 Desempeño de equipos 151 Instituciones de Educación Superior 161 Alcance conceptual de I+D+i 171 Consideraciones sobre el estado del arte 175 Diseño Metodológico 179 Introducción 179 Estudio de revisión de literatura 180 Liderazgo transformacional, gerencia de proyectos y desempeño 183 Consideraciones preliminares sobre el liderazgo transformacional, los proyectos y el desempeño desde la academia 186 Tipo de investigación 189 Población y muestra 190 Definición de las variables, consideraciones sobre los constructos del modelo y definición de hipótesis 194 Variable Liderazgo transformacional y sus cuatro dimensiones 194 Variable Desempeño 196 Variable Desempeño del Proyecto 199 Variable Confianza 200 Variable Identidad 202 Variable Conflicto 204 Variable Clima organizacional 205 Recolección de los datos 211 Desarrollo del instrumento de recolección de información 212 Validación del instrumento de medición 217 Procesamiento de información 219 Modelo de Liderazgo Transformacional en Gerencia de Proyectos 220 Introducción 220 Relaciones entre los componentes del modelo 221 Consideraciones sobre el modelo 224 Trabajo de campo 225 Resultados 226 Análisis de ecuaciones estructurales 226 Valores de referencia e interpretación 228 Principales observaciones 228 Recomendaciones metodológicas 229 Análisis de Componentes Principales (ACP) y Modelo de Ecuaciones Estructurales (SEM) 230 Interpretación de los Componentes 232 Modelo de Ecuaciones por Componentes Principales 233 Consideraciones Prácticas para Mejorar CFI y TLI 238 Importancia del RMSEA y sus Límites de Confianza (LO 90 y HI 90) 240 Implicaciones del RMSEA en la Calidad del Modelo; Moderación en el Ajuste 241 Recomendaciones para Mejorar el RMSEA 241 Comparación entre los Modelos y Parsimonia 244 Implicaciones de la Parsimonia en la Calidad del Modelo 245 Análisis del modelo 246 Bondad de Ajuste del Modelo: Coeficientes de Regresión y Significancia 246 Relación entre LTGP y CI (Consideración Individualizada) 247 Relación entre LTGP y II (Influencia Idealizada) 248 Relación entre LTGP y EI (Estimulación Intelectual) 248 Relación entre LTGP y MI (Motivación Inspiracional) 249 Relación entre LTGP y DESEMP (Desempeño) 250 Relación entre LTGP y CONFIA (Confianza) 257 Relación entre LTGP y DP (Desempeño del Proyecto) 262 Relación entre LTGP e IDENTI (Identidad) 265 Relación entre DESEMP(Desempeño) y CONFLI (Conflicto) 266 Relación entre DESEMP (DESEMP) y CO (Clima Organizacional) 269 Relación entre DESEMP (Desempeño) y DP (Desempeño del Proyecto) 272 Relación entre DP (Desempeño del proyecto) y CBA (Confianza basada en el Afecto) 273 Relación entre DP (Desempeño del proyecto) y CBC (Confianza basada en la Cognición) 273 Relación entre DESEMP (Desempeño) y CONFIA (Confianza) 274 Relación entre LTGP y CO (Clima Organizacional) 278 Relación entre DESEMP (DESEMPEÑO) y CO55 282 Relación entre DESEMP (DESEMPEÑO) y CO56 283 Relación entre DESEMP (DESEMPEÑO) y CO57 284 Relación entre DESEMP (DESEMPEÑO) y CO58 285 Relación entre DESEMP (DESEMPEÑO) y CO59 286 Relación entre DESEMP (DESEMPEÑO) y CO60 287 Relación entre DESEMP (DESEMPEÑO) y CO61 288 Relación entre DESEMP (DESEMPEÑO) y CO62 289 Comparación entre los Ítems del Clima Organizacional 290 Implicaciones para el Modelo Global 291 Revisión y Ajuste del Modelo 292 Recomendaciones para Optimizar el Clima Organizacional desde el Liderazgo Transformacional 293 Algunas recomendaciones que permitirán mejorar el Modelo 294 Validación del Modelo de Liderazgo Transformacional en Gerencia de Proyectos 302 Introducción 302 Validación del modelo 304 Participantes y asignación de codificación 304 Categoría Central 1: Factores que Suman y Restan al Clima Organizacional 310 Categoría Central 2: Liderar para Transformar: Inspirar, Motivar y Conectar 324 Categoría Central 3: Arquitectos de a Transformación: Liderazgo y Gobierno Institucional 330 Discusión de Resultados 335 Conclusiones y Recomendaciones 372 Referencias 378 Anexos 427 Doctor en Gerencia de Proyectos Doctorado EMPRENDIMIENTO Y GERENCIA::DIRECCIÓN Y GESTIÓN DE PROYECTOS NELSON ANTONIO MORENO MONSALVE Categoría A COL0158995::Modelos, metodologías y sistemas de gestión para la Gerencia de Proyectos 2025-12-04T01:32:23Z 2025-11-21 Trabajo de grado - Doctorado Trabajo de grado - Doctorado http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06 info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa Text http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TD https://hdl.handle.net/10882/15466 BDM-DGP instname:Universidad Ean reponame:Repositorio Institucional Biblioteca Digital Minerva repourl:https://repository.ean.edu.co/ spa Abu-Rumman, A. 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International Journal of Project Management, 28(5), 413-421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2009.09.005 Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Abierto (Texto Completo) Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 pdf 422 páginas, 22 anexos Recurso electrónico application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf Doctorado Gerencia de Proyectos Facultad de Ingeniería Bogotá, Colombia